Fig. 4

Epitaxy of graphene on non-nitride substrate. a The tilted-view SEM image of AlGaN nanorods on graphene/Si (111). b the normal-direction EBSD inverse pole figure (IPF) image of on graphene/Si (111). c the transverse-direction EBSD IPF image of AlGaN nanorods on graphene/Si (111). Figure reproduced from ref. [174], MDPI. d AFM image of the surface of a graphitized SiC substrate. e Plan-view SEM images of GaN films grown on graphene by one-step growth at 1100 ºC, and f modified two-step growth. Figure reproduced from ref. [8], Springer Nature Ltd. g A schematic illustration of the fabrication process for vertical structure micro-rod LEDs. Figure reproduced from ref. [175], AIP Publishing