Fig. 1

Examples of insights gained from samples fabricated by nanoimprint lithography including (I) devices demonstrating the mechanism behind memristive behavior in metal-oxide-metal devices showing a an AFM image of metal-oxide-metal devices, b a schematic of the device and its virgin I–V curve and c the circuit model for the device and its switching behavior [26]. II Device array used to determine the switching mechanism of TaOx based memristive devices including a AFM image of the 50 × 50 nm crossbar array and b I–V cures for the microscale and nanoscale devices validation the proposed model [32]. III Nanoscale and microscale memristive devices illustrate mechanism of electroforming and ways to mitigate oxygen bubble formation including AFM images of a nanoscale crossbar array made by nanoimprint lithography and microscale devices b before and c after electroforming showing the formation of a bubble near the filament in the microscale devices only [33]