Fig. 4

Enhanced neural differentiation of hNSCs on CVD grown graphene substrate. a Bright-field images of the hNSCs after a differentiation process of 3 days (left), 2 weeks (middle) and 3 weeks (right). b Bright field (top) and fluorescence (bottom) images of hNSCs after differentiation on glass (left) and graphene (right) after a differentiation process of 1 month. Immunostaining on GFAP (red) and TUJ1 (green) for astroglial and neural cells were conducted on hNSCs. c Cell density (per 0.64 mm²) on graphene substrate and glass after 1-month differentiation. d Percentage of GFAP (red) and TUJ1 (green) on glass and graphene. All scale bars are 200 μm [36]