Table 1 Various display technologies
From: Biomolecular engineering for nanobio/bionanotechnology
Technology (typical number of sequences screened per library) | Description | Strengths or weaknesses |
|---|---|---|
Bacterial cell display (108–109) | Fusion gene libraries of the target proteins and bacterial surface proteins Fusion proteins are displayed on bacterial cell surface | Selects proteins displayed on bacterial cell surfaces Flow cytometry allows multiparameter, quantitative screening Smaller library size Cannot screen proteins that would be toxic to cells |
Yeast or mammalian cell display (108–1010) | Fusion gene libraries of the target protein and cell surface proteins of yeast or mammalian cells Fusion proteins are displayed on cell surface | Selects proteins displayed on eukaryotic cell surfaces Flow cytometry allows multiparameter, quantitative screening Smaller library sizes Cannot screen proteins that would be toxic to cells |
Phage or baculovirus display (1011) | Fusion gene libraries of the target protein and phage or virus coat proteins Infected bacteria produces phage or virus particles displaying fusion protein libraries on the surface | Robust and quick Cannot screen proteins that would be toxic to cells |
Ribosome display (1015) | mRNA-target protein complexes are displayed on stalled ribosomes in cell free protein synthesis system Reverse-transcription PCR allows amplification after rounds of selections | Large library size Can screen proteins that would be toxic to cells Requires stringent conditions and stable proteins |
mRNA display (1015) | mRNA-target protein fusions are synthesized in cell free protein synthesis system by conjugating them through a puromycin linker Reverse-transcription PCR allows amplification after rounds of selections | Large library size Can screen proteins that would be toxic to cells Works well with small proteins but not large ones Requires stringent conditions |