Table 1 Shows a collection of particle types and their properties as industrially manufactured by Grace or Akzo Nobel

Type

Levasil CB17

Levasil CB22

Levasil CB25

Levasil CB75

Ludox^® HS

Ludox^® TM

Ludox^® SM

Ludox^® TMA

Particle size (nm)

16

12

11

4

12

22

7

22

Stabilizer

Na⁺

Na⁺

Na⁺

Na⁺

Na⁺

Na⁺

Na⁺

–

Concentration SiO₂ (wt%)

40

40

30

15

30 to 40

40 to 50

30

34

Surface area (m²/g)

170

220

250

750

210 to 220

140

320 to 400

140

pH

9.4

9.8

10

10

9.2 to 9.9

9

9.7 to 10.3

4 to 7

Density (g/cm³)

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.1

1.3

1.3 to 1.4

1.22

1.23

Viscosity (cPs)

6

15

5

13

< 45

< 10 to < 50

5.5 to 5.7

< 15

Zeta potential (mV)

–

–

–

–

− 30

− 40

–

–