Fig. 9
From: Stretchable and reflective displays: materials, technologies and strategies
(Figure reproduced from a, b [70], Copyright 2009, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim; c [73], Copyright 2007, Springer Nature; d [74], Copyright 2009, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electrochemical swelling driven color changes in photonic crystal systems. a Bio-inspired electroactive color changing 1D photonic crystal display. (i) Digital image of a cephalopod, (ii) protein based multilayer, (iii) A simple electrochemical cell is fabricated by introducing an electrolyte and lamella photonic gel between two ITO coated glass substrates. (iv) a lamella structure of PS-b-P2VP block copolymer. b Mechanism of the electrochemical color change, and optical images of the device with various electric potentials. c (i) Schematic of an electrochemical cell with 3D opal photonic crystals in polyferrocenylsilane (PFS) matrix. (ii) Electrochemical induced swelling leads to color change in the photonic crystal. d (i) Preparation process of PFS-based inverse opal structure. (ii) The inverse opal based photonic crystal is operated electrochemicallyÂ