Fig. 13

a Schematic illustration of fabrication procedure polydopamine-treated MXene composite (PDTM). SEM cross-sectional images of b MXene and c PDTM5 (scale bar: 20 μm). d GIWAXS patterns of PDTM5. e Adhesion force and energy calculated from the force-distance curve. f Electrical conductivity of each sample. g Electrical resistance change of pure MXene and polydopamine-treated MXene composites upon heating (170 °C) in air. h Calculated tensile strength, elongation, and toughness of neat MXene and its PDTM composites. a–h Reproduced with permissions from ref. [65]. Copyright (2020), American Chemical Society