Fig. 9

a Schematic describing the synthesis and dispersion of Ti₃C₂T_x in various organic solvents. b Dispersions of 50% HF-etched Ti₃C₂T_x in the 12 different solvents. Time points of just after sonication (top), 24 h after sonication (middle), and 96 h after sonication (bottom) were used to monitor stability. c Long-term dispersion stability (after 40 days) of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene in organic solvents and water. Ti₃C₂T_x in water oxidized (white sediment) while the dispersions in ethanol, DMF, NMP, PC stayed dark in color. Ti₃C₂T_x in DMSO agglomerated over time and formed a sediment but remained black (no visible oxidation). a–c Reproduced with permissions from ref. [39]. Copyright (2017), American Chemical Society