Fig. 2

MXenes metal matrix composites, processing and improved mechanical and tribological properties. a A schematic representing the MXene single-flake assembly and mixture with metal particles followed by densification to fabricate bulk metal matrix composite. b Strengthening efficiency of different nanoparticles and nanoflakes addition into Al matrices showing few-layer delaminated Ti₃C₂T_x flakes can improve the tensile strength over its pure Al matrix with a lower volume fraction than that of other common nano-reinforcement materials [44]. c MXenes can also be included into lower melting point metals in their molten phase, where sonication assists the homogenous dispersion of MXene flakes into the molten metal [48]. d Ti₃C₂T_x MXene flakes in a Cu matrix have shown a reduction of the coefficient of friction of two times over a pure Cu matrix [49]