Fig. 11From: Quantifying and controlling bond multivalency for advanced nanoparticle targeting to cellsPlot of \(k_{r}\) (denoted as \(k_{off}\)) as a function of bond force \(f_{B }\)(bond force) for a P-selectin carbohydrate bond with a \(\chi^{2} = .484\). This confirms that Bell’s use of Zhurkov’s covalent bond model on biomolecular bonds provides an accurate prediction for the observed reverse reaction rate under force loads. From reference [63]Back to article page