Skip to main content

Table 1 Summary of reported applications and experimental conditions of SHINERS for electrocatalyst

From: Shell isolated nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy for mechanistic investigation of electrochemical reactions

Ref.

Core metal

Shell

Electrode

Electrolyte

Laser wavelength (nm)

Vibrational mode

Wavenumber

(cm−1)

Application

[21]

Au

SiO2

Pt(111)

0.1 m NaClO4

632.8

Pt–H

2023

H adsorption

Al2O3

[44]

Au

SiO2

Rh(111)

0.1 m NaClO4

633

Rh–H

1897

H adsorption

[45]

Au

SiO2

Pt (111)

0.1 m HClO4 saturated by CO

632.8

Pt–CO

2071

CO adsorption

   

Pt polycrystalline

[46]

Au

SiO2

IrOx

1 m NaClO4 (pH 10)

632.8

Ir = O stretching

813

OER

 

Au

SiO2

Cu foil

0.01 m KOH and 0.046 m K2SO4 (pH 11.7)

632.8

  

CO reduction

 

Cu microparticles

Cu–O(ad)

612–622

[15]

Cu Nanoparticle

Cu–CO(bridge)

1863–1873

 

Chem-Cu

Cu–CO(top)

2053–2070

 

Oxide derived Cu

  

[47]

Au

SiO2

Cu dendritic microparticles

0.3 m NaH2PO4 and 0.35 m Na2HPO4 (pH 7.2)

632.8

CuOx/(OH)y

525–532

CO reduction

0.1 m NaOH and 0.9 m NaClO4 (pH 12.9)

Cu–phosphate

931, 1124–1152

[48]

Au

SiO2

Pd

0.1 m TBAClO4 in DMSO saturated by O2

785

O–O − in LiO2

1125

ORR

Pt

C–O2 − in CO2Li

1500

[49]

Au

SiO2

Pt(100)

Pt(111)

0.1 m HClO4

632.8

Pt–O2 stretching

O–O−

O–O2−

240

970

1200

Pt electrooxidation

[50]

Au

SiO2

Cu(100)

0.1 m HClO4 and 0.05 m HNO3

0.1 m HClO4, 0.05 m HNO3, and 10 mm HCl

632.8

Cu2O in Cu(110)

Cu2O in Cu(110)

509, 619

502, 621

Nitrate reduction

Cu(110)

Cu(111)

[20]

Au

SiO2

Pt(100)

0.1 m HClO4 saturated by O2

0.1 m NaClO4 saturated by O2 (pH 10.3)

637.8

Pt–COOH

Pr–OH

1005

1090

ORR

Pt(110)

Pt(111)