Fig. 7
From: Plasmonic sensors based on graphene and graphene hybrid materials
Graphene-based plasmonic sensors for biosensing. a Graphene plasmonic biosensor for protein. The proteins adsorbed on the graphene surface were detected by resonance frequency shift accompanied by dips of protein vibration bands. From [7]. Reproduced with permission from AAAS. b Schematic illustration of graphene nanoribbon sensor on a CaF2 dielectric substrate. CaF2 dielectric layer was introduced to reduce plasmon-phonon hybridization between graphene and the substrate. Reprinted under the terms of the Creative Commons License from [12]. Copyright 2016 The Authors. Published by Springer Nature. c Plasmon enhanced by FP-like cavity and multilayer graphene. Reproduced with permission from [106]. Copyright 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH. d Plasmonically enhanced FL for DNA sensing while DNA is passing through a graphene nanopore integrated with an Au nanoantenna. Reproduced with permission from [108]. Copyright 2014 American Chemical Society. e Optical (left) and SEM (right) images of graphene nanoribbon sensors in the gap of CSRR. Scale bars are 10 μm and 2 μm in left and right figures respectively. Reproduced under the terms of the ACS AuthorChoice License from [116]. Copyright 2016 American Chemical Society. f Schematic illustration of the acoustic plasmon resonator architecture and coupling routes to plasmon modes for a planewave normally incident with TM polarization. Red and green arrows represent acoustic graphene plasmons (AGPs) and conventional graphene plasmons (GPs), respectively. Reprinted by permission from Springer Nature Customer Service Centre GmbH: Springer Nature, Nature Nanotechnology, Graphene acoustic plasmon resonator for ultrasensitive infrared spectroscopy, Lee et al., Copyright 2019 [107]