Fig. 2From: Systematic and mechanistic analysis of AuNP-induced nanotoxicity for risk assessment of nanomedicineCopyright 2019, American Chemical SocietySnapshots of different shapes of AuNPs approaching the plasma membrane and undergoing reorientation during translocation. a Nanocage, b nanorod, c nanoplate, and d nanohexapod, each with the longest characteristic length of 2Â nm. Water molecules both in the outer and inner cell are not shown for clarity. Reprinted with permission from [37], Back to article page