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Nano Convergence
Fig. 9 | Nano Convergence

Fig. 9

From: Regulating the surface of anion-doped TiO2 nanorods by hydrogen annealing for superior photoelectrochemical water oxidation

Fig. 9

a The optical images captured by contact angle measurement system. The average contact angles were calculated using several images obtained by high speed camera. TiO2 thin films having 100 nm thickness were used. The contact angles between the films and DI water, 1 M NaOH solution were measured. b Comparison chart for Interfacial free energy. Interfacial free energies were calculated using contact angle and Young’s equation. c Schematics of surface reaction at the TiO2 surface. Oxygen vacancies at the surface, produced by H2 treatment, promote an easy adsorption of the water molecules and hydroxyl ions

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