Fig. 4
In vitro photothermal therapy and synergistic treatment for A549 cells. a Cytotoxicity of different phospholipid concentrations of ALPs in A549 cells after treatment for 24 h. b Cytotoxicity of A549 cells treated with different phospholipid concentrations of ALPs for 30 min and irradiated with 808 nm laser at 0.3 W/cm2 for 6 min. c Cell viability of A549 cells treated with liposomes at different conditions (Liposomes: 1 mg/mL; Carbo: 6.7 µM). d Fluorescent staining of dead/living cells treated with different conditions (L represented irradiation with 808 nm laser at 0.3 W/cm2). Green channel: viable cells. Red channel: dead cells. e Flow cytometry of apoptosis cells treated with different conditions. Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 represent necrotic, late apoptotic, early apoptotic, and viable cells, respectively. (Liposomes: 1 mg/mL; Carbo: 6.7 µM)