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Fig. 5 | Nano Convergence

Fig. 5

From: Perovskite single-crystal thin films: preparation, surface engineering, and application

Fig. 5

Surface tension-assisted growth of PVK SCTFs. a Schematic of molecular interaction in the volume (left) and the surface layer (right) of the solution. b Graph of relationship between the free energy and particle radius, revealing a lower nucleation barrier of the solution surface layer (red line) than that in the solution volume (blue line). c Photographs of the MAPbBr3 SCTF. d Top-view and side-view SEM images of the MAPbBr3 SCTF. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [56]. Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society. e Scheme of the nucleation and crystal growth of the MAPbI3 SCTF driven by the evaporation of the solution. f Photographs of MAPbI3 SCTFs. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [57]. Copyright 2019, WILEY-VCH

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