Table 4 Summary of functional photoacoustic computed tomography systems’ specifications
From: Functional photoacoustic imaging: from nano- and micro- to macro-scale
Ref. | System scale | Functionality and application | Transducer | Laser | Lateral resolution (μm) | Imaging depth (mm) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
f (MHz) | Element | PRF | Wavelength (nm) | |||||
[87] | PACT | Oxygen saturation | 2 | 1024 | 20 | 750, 850 | 380 | 12.8 |
[86] | PACT | Cerebral hemodynamics; HbO2, HbR, HbT, SO2 | 5.4 | 512 | 200 | 532, 594 | 170 | 3.5 |
[171] | PACT | Cerebral hemodynamics; HbO2, HbR, HbT, SO2 | 7 | 512 | 20 (100/5) | 700, 730, 755, 800, 850 | 133 | 4 |
[172] | PACT | Cerebral sensory response hemodynamics; HbO2, HbR, HbT, SO2 | 5 | 384 | 10 (50/5) | 700, 730, 755, 800, 850 | 163 | 4 |
[173] | PACT | liver steatosis; Normalized ratio spectrum, normalized optoacoustic ratio at 930 nm | 5/4 | 256/256 | 10/25 | 680–960 (10 nm step)/700–970 (10 nm step) | 300 | 34 |
[84] | PACT | liver steatosis; Liver mask volume, vessel number density, vessel volume occupancy, angiographic irregularity, speed of sound | 2.25 | 4 × 256 | 12.5 | 1064 | 380 | 12 |
[120] | PACT | Venous flow hemodynamics; flow speed, flow vector map, fractional speed change | 13–24 | 256 | 10/20/100 | 1064/670–1070 | 125 | 5.5 |