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Nano Convergence
Fig. 3 | Nano Convergence

Fig. 3

From: Nano-biomaterials and advanced fabrication techniques for engineering skeletal muscle tissue constructs in regenerative medicine

Fig. 3

Recent bioprinting strategy for the generation of functional skeletal muscle construct. A. Pros and cons of bioprinting technique for fabricating skeletal muscle tissue. B. Neural cell integration with bioprinted skeletal muscle constructs. (i) The bioprinted construct's design, where the multi-dispensing units are applied with the acellular sacrificial bioink, the cell-laden bioink carrying hMPCs and/or hNSCs, and the supporting PCL structure. (ii) Microchannels to preserve the viability of printed cells in the structures made after the sacrificial designs were removed. (iii) MPC + NPC group showed developed neuromuscular junctions and neuronal contact on the freshly created myofibers in the transplanted constructs. (Neurofilaments; NF (green)/Acetylcholine receptor; AChR (red)/Myosin heavy chain; MHC (white)) [121]. C. In-situ bioprinting of hASC-laden bioink for muscle regeneration. (i) Schematic of directly printed hASC-laden collagen structure on damaged human skeletal muscle using the bioprinter-actuator combined system. (ii) Images of in-situ bioprinting using a bioprinter-actuator combined system in rat temporalis muscle VML model [145]. D. Future direction for generating functional skeletal muscle tissue

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