Rapid assays of SARS-CoV-2 virus and noble biosensors by nanomaterials

Nano Convergence

Table 2 The advantages and disadvantages analysis of Ag/Ab and aptamers as bioreceptors

Bioreceptor	Principle	Target	LOD	Advantages	Disadvantages	POC	References
Aptamers	Specificity of DNA aptamers	RNA and Ag	RNA: 44 ag/mL Ag: 37.5 pg/mL	Simplicity, flexibility, strong stability, and easily synthesized in large quantities	False positives, commercialized kits still need development	Clinics and laboratories	[133, 141, 142, 198, 199]
Ag or Ab	Immune response	Ab or Ag	Ab: 9.3 ag/mL Ag: 3.9 fg/mL	Simplicity, flexibility, speed, and high specificity	False positives, poor stability and commercialized kits still need development	Public, clinics and laboratories	[32, 43, 48, 50, 132, 153]