Fig. 1

Changes in various neutrophil-related biomarkers during acute colitis in C57BL/6 mice. a-m Biomarker levels were analyzed from the colon of normal and colitis mice (n = 3 per group). a GM-CSF, b G-CSF, c IL-17, d MIP-2, e KC, f MIP-1, g MIP-1, h IP-10, i MIG, j IL-10, k IL-6, l IL-1β, and m IFN-γ levels were simultaneously analyzed using the Luminex® assay. Biomarkers were categorized as either a–e those involved in neutrophil recruitment, f–i those released from activated neutrophils, j anti-inflammatory, or k–m pro-inflammatory. n Changes in plasma DNase-I levels during the development of acute colitis (n = 10). DNase-I levels in normal mice were averaged and used as the baseline (100%) to calculate relative changes in colitis mice. All analyses were performed in duplicates. Data are presented as mean ± SEM a-m or min./median/max. n Statistical significance was assessed using a one-tailed Student’s t-test. *p < 0.0332, **p < 0.0021, ***p < 0.0002